趨勢線

Trend lines can be added to all 2D chart types except for Pie and Stock charts.

• To insert a trend line for a data series, select the data series in the chart. Choose Insert - Trend Line, or right-click to open the context menu, and choose Insert Trend Line.

• Mean Value Lines are special trend lines that show the mean value. Use Insert - Mean Value Lines to insert mean value lines for data series.

  若選取了某個資料序列元素，則此指令僅適用於該資料序列。若未選取任何元素，則此指令適用於所有資料序列。

• To delete a trend line or mean value line, click the line, then press the Del key.

趨勢線使用與對應資料序列相同的顏色。若要變更線條特性，請選取該趨勢線，然後選擇 [格式] - [格式化選取] - [線條]。

Trend Line Equation and Coefficient of Determination

When the chart is in edit mode, Collabora Office gives you the equation of the trend line and the coefficient of determination R², even if they are not shown: click on the trend line to see the information in the status bar.

To show the trend line equation, select the trend line in the chart, right-click to open the context menu, and choose Insert Trend Line Equation.

To change format of values (use less significant digits or scientific notation), select the equation in the chart, right-click to open the context menu, and choose Format Trend Line Equation - Numbers.

Default equation uses x for abscissa variable, and f(x) for ordinate variable. To change these names, select the trend line, choose Format - Format Selection – Type and enter names in X Variable Name and Y Variable Name edit boxes.

To show the coefficient of determination R², select the equation in the chart, right-click to open the context menu, and choose Insert R².

Trend Lines Curve Types

The following regression types are available:

• Linear trend line: regression through equation y=a∙x+b. Intercept b can be forced.

• Polynomial trend line: regression through equation y=Σ_i(a_i∙xⁱ). Intercept a₀ can be forced. Degree of polynomial must be given (at least 2).

• Logarithmic trend line: regression through equation y=a∙ln(x)+b.

• Exponential trend line: regression through equation y=b∙exp(a∙x).This equation is equivalent to y=b∙m^x with m=exp(a). Intercept b can be forced.

• Power trend line: regression through equation y=b∙x^a.

• Moving average trend line: simple moving average is calculated with the n previous y-values, n being the period. No equation is available for this trend line.

限制

趨勢線的計算僅會考量含下列數值的成對資料組：

• Logarithmic trend line: only positive x-values are considered.

• Exponential trend line: only positive y-values are considered, except if all y-values are negative: regression will then follow equation y=-b∙exp(a∙x).

• Power trend line: only positive x-values are considered; only positive y-values are considered, except if all y-values are negative: regression will then follow equation y=-b∙x^a.

您應據以轉換資料；最好在原始資料的副本上作業，並轉換此複製的資料。

Calculate Parameters in Calc

您也可以依下列方式使用 Calc 函式計算參數。

線性迴歸方程式

線性迴歸遵循方程式 y=m*x+b。

m = SLOPE(Data_Y;Data_X)

b = INTERCEPT(Data_Y ;Data_X)

計算決定係數的方法為

r² = RSQ(Data_Y;Data_X)

Besides m, b and r² the array function LINEST provides additional statistics for a regression analysis.

The logarithmic regression equation

The logarithmic regression follows the equation y=a*ln(x)+b.

a = SLOPE(Data_Y;LN(Data_X))

b = INTERCEPT(Data_Y ;LN(Data_X))

r² = RSQ(Data_Y;LN(Data_X))

指數迴歸方程式

For exponential trend lines a transformation to a linear model takes place. The optimal curve fitting is related to the linear model and the results are interpreted accordingly.

The exponential regression follows the equation y=b*exp(a*x) or y=b*m^x, which is transformed to ln(y)=ln(b)+a*x or ln(y)=ln(b)+ln(m)*x respectively.

a = SLOPE(LN(Data_Y);Data_X)

第二個版本的變數計算方式如下：

m = EXP(SLOPE(LN(Data_Y);Data_X))

b = EXP(INTERCEPT(LN(Data_Y);Data_X))

計算決定係數的方法為

r² = RSQ(LN(Data_Y);Data_X)

Besides m, b and r² the array function LOGEST provides additional statistics for a regression analysis.

乘冪迴歸方程式

For power regression curves a transformation to a linear model takes place. The power regression follows the equation y=b*x^a, which is transformed to ln(y)=ln(b)+a*ln(x).

a = SLOPE(LN(Data_Y);LN(Data_X))

b = EXP(INTERCEPT(LN(Data_Y);LN(Data_X))

r² = RSQ(LN(Data_Y);LN(Data_X))

多項式迴歸方程式

For polynomial regression curves a transformation to a linear model takes place.

Create a table with the columns x, x², x³, … , xⁿ, y up to the desired degree n.

Use the formula =LINEST(Data_Y,Data_X) with the complete range x to xⁿ (without headings) as Data_X.

The first row of the LINEST output contains the coefficients of the regression polynomial, with the coefficient of xⁿ at the leftmost position.

The first element of the third row of the LINEST output is the value of r². See the LINEST function for details on proper use and an explanation of the other output parameters.